Vol.  XVIII 


MAY,  1906 


No.  5 


Itttlejournep* 

Wo  i>ome*  of  (great  Xobers 

BY      ELBERT      HUBBA  R 


tavior  or  a 
leth 


depend- 


PARNELL 


AND 


KITTY  O'SHEA 


Single  Copies  25  Cents         By  the  Year,  $3.00 


Little  Journeys  for  1906 

By  ELBERT  HUBBARD     "''     '  ; 

Will  be  to  the  Homes  of  Great  Lovers 

The   Subjects    are   as  Follows: 

1  Josiah  and  Sarah  Wedgwood 

2  William  Godwin  and  Mary  Wollstonecraft 

3  Dante  and  Beatrice 

4  John  Stuart  Mill  and  Harriet  Taylor 

5  Parnell  and  Kitty  O'Shea 

6  Petrarch  and  Laura 

7  Dante  Gabriel  Rossetti  &  Elizabeth  Siddall 

8  Balzac  and  Madame  Hanska 

9  Fenelon  and  Madame  Guyon 

10  Ferdinand  Lassalle  &  Helene  von  Donniges 

11  Victor  Hugo  and  Juliette  Drouet 

12  Robert  Louis  Stevenson  &  Fanny  Osbourne 


TEN  YEARS  OF  THE  PHILISTINE 

An  Index  &  Concordance 

OF  VOLUMES  I  TO  XX 
Compiled  by  Julia  Ditto  Young.  Bound 
solidly  in  Boards  to  match  The  Philistine 
THE  PRICE  WILL  BE   ONE  DOLLAR 

THE     ROY CROFTERS 

EAST  AURORA,  ERIE  CO.,  NEW  YORK 


Entered  at  the  post  office  at  East  Aurora,  New  York,  for  transmission 
as  second-class  mail  matter.  Copyright,  1906,  by  Elbert  Hubbard 


THE    ROYCROFTERS'   LATEST  BOOK 


Thomas  Jefferson 


HERE  are  an  Elect  Few  men  in  the 


history  of  this  country  who  serve  for 


the  base  line  or  prime  meridian  of  all 
our  policies  of  State.  After  getting  hopelessly 
tangled  up  in  the  intricacies  of  our  shifty  poli- 
ticians we  are  periodically  forced  to  go  back 
to  take  measurements  directly  from  our  Great 
Men.  Q,  Jefferson  is  one  of  the  Great  Men. 
The  latest  book  of  The  Roycrof ters  contains 
an  address  by  the  Hon.  John  J.  Lentz,  and  a 
"Little  Journey"  by  Elbert  Hubbard.  These 
essays  light  up  the  phases  of  Jefferson's  char- 
acter and  show  how  he  is  now  influencing 
our  institutions.  A  portrait  of  Jefferson  by 
Schneider  in  photogravure  as  a  frontispiece. 

The  book  in  limp  leather,  silk  lined  is  $2.00 
50  copies  on  Japan  Vellum,  3-4  Levant,  $10.00 

SENT  ON  SUSPICION 


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Ten  Dollars  Worth  of 
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THE   ROYCROFTERS,    EAST  AURORA,   N.  Y. 

F   YOU    ARE    NOT   HIDE-BOUND    IN  YOUR 

Thinking  Apparatus  EM?1^ 

w  JTT  that  peculiar 

magazine,  published  twelve  times  a  year  by  the  Chief  of  the  Tribe. 
The  little  Brown  Book  is  called  "The  Ghourki "  and  will  be 
sent  you  twelve  times  for  25c.  You  may  not  like  it,  but  it  will  do  you 
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now.  Why  not  send  25c.  and  join  this  growing  organization,  and  get 
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Chief  of  The  Tribe  of  The  Ghourki,    Morgantown,  West  Virginia 


Across  Lake  Erie 

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,  DETROIT  &  BUFFALO  STEAMBOAT  CO.  M 


FOR  THE  BOYS  AND  GIRLS 

(LITTLE  ROYCROFTERS) 
We  Supply  the  Capital  and  Start   You  in  Business 

N  AMERICA  to-day  there  are  several 
thousand  Little  Roycrofters  making  from 
twenty-five  cents  to  five  dollars  a  day  sell- 
ing the  Little  Journeys  Here  's  your 
chance ! 

All  we  ask  is  that  you  shall  be  recom- 
mended by  one  of  our  regular  subscribers. 
On  receipt  of  your  reply  we  will  send  you  at  our  expense, 
twenty  assorted  Little  Journey  booklets.  These  will  be 
charged  to  you  at  five  cents  each,  and  you  are  to  remit  to 
us  for  them  within  thirty  days  or  send  them  back  to  us. 
The  regular  retail  price  of  these  booklets  is  twenty-five 
cents  each,  but  you  are  to  retail  them  at  ten  cents  each  and 
no  more.  As  they  cost  you  five  cents,  you  double  your 
money  on  all  you  sell.  You  can  sell  one  booklet  to  almost 
every  person  you  approach,  and  when  he  reads  it,  you  can 
usually  go  back  and  sell  him  a  dozen  or  more.  If  he  does 
not  buy  a  dozen  or  more  it  proves  he  is  not  a  person  of 
discernment. 

Please  note  that  we  trust  you  only  for  the  first  twenty 
booklets,  so  to  start  you  in  business.  After  that  you  remit 
us  with  each  order  you  send  at  the  rate  of  five  cents  each 
for  the  Little  Journeys  you  require.  This  is  a  most  unusual 
offer,  and  is  made  solely  to  introduce  these  splendid  publi- 
cations among  people  who  otherwise  might  not  see  them. 
WRITE  us  TO-DAY.  Order  blank  on  following  page. 


CUT  THIS  OUT,  OR  COPY  AND  SEND  TO  US 


To  The  Roycrofters,  East  Aurora,  N.  Y. 
I  want  to  be  a  Roycrofter.  You  may  send  me  twenty 
assorted  Little  Journeys,  and  I  will  sell  them  at  ten  cents 
each,  and  remit  you  at  five  cents  each  or  return  the  book- 
lets in  thirty  days. 

Name  .  

Age  _____  

Street  and  Number   

P.  O  - 

State   ■- 

Recommended  by   

Date   1906 

A  Roycrofter:  One  who  loves  beautiful  things,  does  his 
work  the  best  he  can  and  is  kind. 

— Standard  Dictionary,  Edition  of  1007 


Roycroft  Summer  School 


HERE  are  Free  Classes  in  Book- 
binding, Domestic  Science,  Ex- 
pression and  Designing,  also  daily 
lectures  on  Art,  Music,  Literature,  Physi- 
ology, Nature  Study,  History  and  Right 
Living.  Daily  Walks  and  Talks  afield — 
Trips  to  the  Woods,  Lake,  Camps,  Etc. 


The  Rates  at  the  ROYCROFT  INN  are  Two 
Dollars  a  Day  and  upward,  according  to  Room 


^f^^S  HE  education  gained  at  the  expense  of  nerves  and 
J  digestion  is  of  small  avail.  We  learn  in  times  of 
^^^r  pleasurable  animation,  by  doing,  thru  expression, 
thru  music,  and  the  manifold  influences  of  beauty  and  harmony. 
C^The  intent  of  The  Roy  crofters  is  not  to  impart  truth,  but 
rather  to  create  an  atmosphere  in  which  souls  can  grow. 


THE  ROYCROFTERS 

East  Aurora,  Erie  County,  New  York 


HARD  TO  DROP 

But  Many  Drop  It. 


A  young  Calif,  wife  talks  about  coffee : 

"it  was  hard  to  drop  Mocha  and  Java  and  give  Postum 
Food  Coffee  a  trial,  but  my  nerves  were  so  shattered  that 
I  was  a  nervous  wreck  and  of  course  that  means  all  kinds 
of  ails. 

* '  At  first  I  thought  bicycle  riding  caused  it  and  I  gave  it 
up,  but  my  condition  remained  unchanged.  I  did  not  want 
to  acknowledge  coffee  caused  the  trouble  for  I  was  very  fond 
of  it.  At  that  time  a  friend  came  to  live  with  us,  and  I  noticed 
that  after  he  had  been  with  us  a  week  he  would  not  drink  his 
coffee  any  more.  I  asked  him  the  reason.  He  replied,  *  I  have 
not  had  a  headache  since  I  left  off  drinking  coffee,  some  months 
ago,  till  last  week,  when  I  began  again,  here  at  your  table.  I 
don't  see  how  anyone  can  like  coffee,  anyway,  after  drinking 
Postum ! ' 

I  said  nothing,  but  at  once  ordered  a  package  of  Postum. 
That  was  five  months  ago,  and  we  have  drarik  no  other  coffee 
since,  except  on  two  occasions  when  we  had  company,  and  the 
result  each  time  was  that  my  husband  could  not  sleep,  but  lay 
awake  and  tossed  and  talked  half  the  night.  We  were  con- 
vinced that  coffee  caused  his  suffering,  so  he  returned  to 
Postum  Food  Coffee,  convinced  that  the  old  kind  was  an  enemy, 
instead  of  a  friend,  and  he  is  troubled  no  more  by  insomnia. 

"  I,  myself,  have  gained  8  pounds  in  weight,  and  my  nerves 
have  ceased  to  quiver.  It  seems  so  easy  now  to  quit  the  old 
coffee  that  caused  our  aches  and  ails  and  take  up  Postum." 

Name  given  by  Postum  Co.,  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 

There's  a  reason. 

Read  the  little  book,  "The  Road  to  Wellville,"  in  pkgs. 


O'NBIi  LIBRARY 
BOSTON  COLLEGE 


/ 


PARNELL  AND 
KITTY  O'SHEA 


FOR  my  own  part  I  am  confident  as  to  the  future  of  Ireland. 
Though  the  horizon  may  now  seem  cloudy,  I  believe  her  people 
will  survive  the  present  oppression,  as  they  have  survived  many 
worse  ones.  Although  our  progress  may  be  slow,  it  will  be  sure.  The 
time  will  come  when  the  people  of  England  will  admit  once  again  that 
they  have  been  mistaken  and  have  been  deceived — that  they  have 
been  led  astray  as  to  the  right  way  of  governing  a  noble,  a  brave  and 
an  impulsive  people. 

—SPEECH  OF  PARNELL  :  in  Parliament,  1868. 


PARNELL  AND  KITTY  O'SHEA 

WO  hundred  and  fifty  men  own  one- 
third  of  the  acreage  of  Ireland.  Two- 
thirds  of  Ireland  is  owned  by  two 
thousand  men. 

In  every  other  civilized  country  will 
be  found  a  large  class  of  people  known 
as  peasant -proprietors,  people  who 
own  small  farms  or  a  few  acres  which 
they  call  home.  In  Ireland  we  find  seven  hundred 
thousand  tenant  farmers,  who  with  their  families  rep- 
resent a  population  of  over  three  million  people.  These 
people  depend  upon  the  land  for  their  subsistence,  but 
they  are  tenants-at-will.  Four-fifths  of  the  landowners 
of  Ireland  live  in  England. 

Lord  Dufferin,  late  Governor  General  of  Canada, 
once  said : 

What  is  the  spectacle  presented  to  us  by  Ireland  ?  It  is 
that  of  millions  of  people,  whose  only  occupation  and 
dependence  is  agriculture,  sinking  their  past  &  present 
and  future  on  yearly  tenancies.  What  is  a  yearly  ten- 
ancy ?  Why  it  means  that  the  owner  of  the  land,  at  the 
end  of  any  year,  can  turn  the  people  born  on  the  land, 
off  from  the  land,  tear  down  their  houses  and  leave 
them  starving  at  the  mercy  of  the  storm.  It  means 
terms  no  Christian  man  would  offer,  and  none  but  a 
madman  would  accept. 

The  rents  are  fixed  in  cash,  being  proportioned  accord- 
ing to  the  assessable  value  of  the  property  So  So  if  a 
tenant  improves  the  estate,  his  rent  is  increased,  and 

105 


LITTLE  thus  actually  a  penalty  is  placed  on  permanent  im- 
JOURNEYS  provements. 

The  tenant  has  no  voice  in  the  matter  of  rent — he  must 
accept.  And  usually  the  rents  have  been  fixed  at  a 
figure  that  covers  the  entire  produce  of  the  land.  Then 
the  landlord's  agent  collected  all  he  could,  and  indul- 
gently allowed  the  rest  to  hang  over  the  tenant's  head 
as  a  guarantee  of  good  behavior. 

Said  Mr.  Gladstone  in  Parliament,  July  10th,  1879: 

Forty-nine  farmers  out  of  fifty  in  Ireland  are  in  ar- 
rears for  rent,  so  it  is  legally  possible  to  evict  them  at 
any  time  the  landlord  may  so  choose.  And  in  the  con- 
dition that  now  exists,  an  eviction  is  equal  to  a  sen- 
tence of  death. 

At  this  time,  when  Gladstone  made  his  speech  just 
quoted,  a  bill  was  up  in  the  House  of  Commons  called 
"The  Relief  of  Distress  Bill."  Simple  people  might  at 
once  assume  that  this  relief  bill  was  for  the  relief  of 
the  starving  peasantry,  but  this  is  a  hasty  conclusion, 
ill-considered  and  quite  absurd. 

The  "Relief  Bill"  was  for  the  relief  of  the  English 
landlords  who  owned  land  in  Ireland.  So  the  landlords 
would  not  be  actually  compelled  to  levy  on  the  last 
potato  and  waylay  the  remittances  sent  from  America, 
the  English  government  proposed  to  loan  money  to  the 
distressed  landlords  at  three  per  cent,  and  this  bill  was 
passed  without  argument.  And  it  was  said  that  Lord 
Lansdowne,  one  of  the  poor  landlords,  turned  a  tidy 
penny  by  availing  himself  of  the  three  per  cent  loan 
and  letting  the  money  out,  straightway,  at  six  to  such 
106 


tenants  as  still  had  a  few  pigs  to  offer  as  collateral.  LITTLE 
Q  The  state  of  Iowa  is  nearly  double  the  size  of  Ireland,  JOURNEYS 
and  has,  it  is  estimated,  eleven  times  the  productive 
capacity.  A  tithe  of  ten  per  cent  on  Iowa's  corn  crop 
would  prevent  at  any  time,  a  famine  in  Ireland. 
In  1879,  Illinois  sent,  through  the  agency  of  the  Chi- 
cago Board  of  Trade,  a  ship-load  of  wheat,  corn  and 
pork  to  starving  Ireland.  T.  P.  O'Connor,  who  took  an 
active  part  in  the  distribution  of  these  humane  gifts, 
said  on  the  floor  of  the  House  of  Commons  that  more 
than  one  instance  had  come  to  his  notice  where  the 
Irish  peasants  had  availed  themselves  of  flour  and 
meal,  but  the  pork  given  them  was  taken  by  the  land- 
lords' agents,  "  because  many  Irish  families  had  never 
acquired  a  taste  for  meat,  the  pigs  they  raised  being 
sold  to  pay  the  rent." 

Just  here,  lest  any  tender-hearted  reader  be  tempted  to 
tears  on  behalf  of  the  Irish  tenantry,  I  will  quote  an 
Irishman,  a  vegetarian  first  by  force  and  then  by  habit 
— George  Bernard  Shaw: 

The  person  to  pity  is  the  landlord  and  his  incompetent 
family,  and  not  the  peasantry. 

In  Ireland,  the  absentee  landlord  is  bitterly  reproached 
for  not  administering  his  estate  in  person.  It  is  pointed 
out,  truly  enough,  that  the  absentee  is  a  pure  parasite 
upon  the  industry  of  his  country.  The  indispensable 
minimum  of  attention  to  his  estate  is  paid  by  his 
agent  or  solicitor,  whose  resistance  to  his  purely  para- 
sitic activity  is  fortified  by  the  fact  that  the  estate 
belongs  mostly  to  the  mortgagees,  and  that  the  nom- 
inal landlord  is  so  ignorant  of  his  own  affairs  that  he 
can  do  nothing  but  send  begging  letters  to  his  agent. 

107 


LITTLE  On  these  estates  generations  of  peasants  (and  agents) 
JOURNEYS  ^ve  hard  but  bearable  lives ;  whilst  off  them  genera- 
tions of  ladies  and  gentlemen  of  good  breeding  and 
natural  capacity  are  corrupted  into  drifters,  wasters, 
drinkers,  waiters-for-dead-men's-shoes,  poor  relations 
and  social  wreckage  of  all  sorts,  living  aimless  lives, 
and  often  dying  squalid  and  tragic  deaths. 


HARLES  STEWART  PARNELL 
was  born  in  County  Wicklow,  Ireland, 
in  1846.  In  that  year  there  was  starva- 
tion in  Ireland.  Thousands  died  from 
lack  of  food,  just  as  they  died  in  that 
other  English  possession,  India,  in 
1901.  Famished  babes  sucking  at  the 
withered  breasts  of  dying  mothers, 
were  common  sights  seen  on  the  public  highways. 
Q  Iowa  and  Illinois  had  not  then  got  a-going;  the  cable 
was  to  come,  and  the  heart  of  Christian  England  was 
unpricked  by  public  opinion.  And  all  the  time  while 
famine  was  in  progress,  sheep,  pigs  and  cattle  were 
being  shipped  across  the  channel  to  England. 
It  was  the  famine  of  1846  that  started  the  immense  tide 
of  Irish  immigration  to  America.  And  England  fanned 
and  favored  this  exodus,  for  it  was  very  certain  that 
there  were  too  many  mouths  to  feed  in  Ireland — half 
the  number  would  not  so  jeopardize  the  beer  and 
skittles  of  the  landlords. 

Parnell's  father  was  a  landed  proprietor  living  in  Ire- 
108 


land,  but  whose  ancestors  had  originally  come  from  LITTLE 
England.  The  Parnell  estate  was  not  large,  compara-  JOURNEYS 
tively,  but  it  was  managed  so  as  to  give  a  very  com- 
fortable living  for  the  landlord  and  his  various  tenants. 
The  mother  of  Parnell  was  Delia  Stewart,  an  Ameri- 
can girl,  daughter  of  Admiral  Stewart  of  the  United 
States  Navy. 

In  that  dread  year  of  1846,  when  the  potato  crop  failed, 
the  Parnells  took  no  rent  from  their  tenants,  and  Mrs. 
Parnell  rode  hundreds  of  miles  in  a  jaunting-car  dis- 
tributing food  and  clothing  among  the  needy.  Doubt- 
less there  were  a  great  many  other  landlords  and 
agents  just  as  generous  as  the  Parnells,  filled  with  the 
same  humane  spirit,  but  the  absentee  landlords  were 
for  the  most  part  heedless,  ignorant  and  indifferent  to 
the  true  state  of  affairs. 

Charles  Parnell  grew  up  a  fine,  studious,  thoughtful 
boy.  He  prepared  for  college  and  took  a  turn  of  two 
years  at  Cambridge.  He  then  returned  to  Ireland  be- 
cause his  help  was  needed  in  looking  after  the  estate, 
hence  he  never  secured  his  degree.  But  he  had  the 
fine,  eager,  receptive  mind  that  gathers  gear  as  it  goes. 
His  mother  was  an  educated  woman,  and  educated 
mothers  have  educated  children. 

That  is  a  very  wise  scheme  of  child-education — the 
education  of  the  mother — a  plan  not  fully  accepted  by 
civilization,  but  which  will  be  when  we  become  en- 
lightened. From  his  mother's  lips  Charles  learned  the 
story  of  America's  struggle  for  independence,  and  the 
rights  of  man  was  a  subject  ingrained  in  his  character. 

109 


LITTLE  ^^^^^mRELAND  is  a  country  that  has  as  near 
JOURNEYS    (^^^^^^^il  a  perfect  climate  as  we  can  imagine — 

topographically  it  is  beautiful  beyond 
compare,  but  here  among  the  most  en- 
trancing of  physical  conditions  existed 
a  form  of  slavery  not  far  removed  from 
that  which  existed  in  the  Southern 
States  in  1860.  It  was  a  system  inau- 
gurated by  men  long  dead,  and  which  had  become  ossi- 
fied upon  both  tenant  and  landlord — slave  and  slave- 
owner— by  years  of  precedent,  so  neither  party  had 
the  power  to  break  the  bonds. 

In  some  ways  it  was  worse  than  African  slavery,  for 
the  material  wants  of  the  blacks  were  usually  fairly 
well  looked  after.  To  be  sure  the  Irish  could  run  away 
and  not  be  brought  back  in  chains,  but  in  1876,  a  bill 
was  introduced  in  Parliament  restricting  Irish  immi- 
gration, and  forbidding  any  tenant  who  was  in  debt  to 
a  landlord  leaving  the  country  without  the  landlord's 
consent  Had  this  bill  not  been  bitterly  opposed 
the  Irish  people  would  have  been  subject  to  peonage 
equal  to  absolute  slavery.  As  young  Parnell  grew  he 
was  filled  with  but  one  theme — how  to  better  the  con- 
dition of  his  people. 

In  arousing  public  sentiment  against  the  bill  young 
Parnell  found  his  oratorical  wings. 

Shortly  after  this  he  was  elected  to  Parliament  from 
County  Meath.  He  was  then  twenty-seven  years  old. 
He  had  never  shaved,  and  his  full  brown  beard  and 
serious,  earnest,  dignified  manner,  coupled  with  his 
110 


six-foot-two  physique  attracted  instant  attention.  He  LITTLE 
wore  a  suit  of  gray  Irish  homespun,  but  the  require-  JOURNEYS 
ments  of  Parliament  demanded  black  with  a  chimney- 
pot hat — the  hat  being  always  religiously  worn  in 
session,  excepting  when  the  member  addresses  the 
Chair — and  to  these  Piccadilly  requirements  Parnell 
gracefully  adjusted  himself. 

Parnell  seemed  filled  with  the  idea,  from  the  days  of 
his  youth,  that  he  had  a  mission — he  was  to  lead  his 
people  out  of  captivity.  This  oneness  of  purpose  made 
itself  felt  in  the  House  of  Commons  from  his  first  en- 
trance. All  parliamentary  bodies  are  swayed  by  a  few 
persons — the  working  members  are  the  exception.  The 
horse-racing  and  cock-fighting  contingent  in  the  House 
of  Commons  is  well  represented;  the  blear  eyes,  the 
poddy  pudge,  the  bulbous  beak — all  these  are  in  evi- 
dence. If  one  man  out  of  ten  knows  what  is  going  on, 
it  is  well ;  and  this  is  equally  true  of  Washington,  for 
our  representatives  do  not  always  represent  us. 
Parnell,  although  a  fledgling  in  years  when  he  entered 
the  House  of  Commons,  quickly  took  the  measure  of 
the  members,  and  conceived  for  them  a  fine  scorn, 
which  some  say  he  exhibited  in  italics  and  upper  case. 
This  was  charged  up  against  him  to  be  paid  for  later 
at  usurious  interest. 

Precedent  provided  that  he  should  not  open  his  Irish 
mouth  during  the  entire  first  session;  but  he  made  his 
presence  felt  from  the  first  day  he  entered  the  House. 

By  a  curious  chance  a  Coercion  Bill  was  up  for  dis- 
cussion, there  being  always  a  few  in  stock.  Some  of 

111 


LITTLE  the  tenantry  had  refused  to  either  pay  or  depart,  and 
JOURNEYS  a  move  was  on  foot  to  use  the  English  soldiery  to 
evict  the  malcontents  in  a  wholesale  way  $4>  Joseph 
Biggar  had  the  floor  and  declared  the  bill  was  really  a 
move  to  steal  Irish  children  and  sell  them  into  perpet- 
ual peonage.  Biggar  was  talking  against  time,  and  the 
House  groaned.  Biggar  was  a  rich  merchant  from 
Ulster,  and  he  was  a  big  man,  although  without  ora- 
torical ability  or  literary  gifts.  His  heart  was  right,  but 
he  lacked  mental  synthesis.  He  knew  little  of  history, 
nothing  of  political  economy,  despised  precedents,  had 
a  beautiful  disdain  for  all  rules,  and  for  all  things 
English  he  held  the  views  of  Fuzzy  Wuzzy  whose 
home  is  in  the  Soudan.  However,  Biggar  was  shrewd 
and  practical,  and  had  a  business  sense  that  most  of 
the  members  absolutely  lacked.  And  moreover  he  was 
entirely  without  fear.  Usually  his  face  was  wreathed 
in  cherubic  smiles.  He  had  the  sweetly  paternal  look 
of  Horace  Greeley,  in  disposition  was  just  as  stubborn, 
and  like  Horace,  chewed  tobacco. 

The  English  opposed  the  Irish  members  and  Biggar 
reciprocated  the  sentiment.  They  opposed  everything 
he  did,  and  it  came  about  that  he  made  it  his  particular 
business  to  block  the  channel  for  them. 
"  Why  are  you  here,"  once  exclaimed  an  exasperated 
member  to  Joseph  Biggar. 

"  To  rub  you  up,  sir,  to  rub  you  up!  "  was  the  imper- 
turbable reply.  He  shocked  the  House  and  succeeded 
in  getting  himself  thoroughly  hated  by  his  constant 
reference  to  absentee  landlords  as  ' *  parasites  "  and 
112 


"  cannibals."  And  the  fact  that  there  were  many  ab-  LITTLE 
sentee  landlords  in  the  House  only  urged  him  on  to  JOURNEYS 
say  things  unseemly,  irrelevant  and  often  unprintable. 
QAnd  so  Biggar  was  making  a  speech  on  the  first  day 
that  Parnell  took  his  seat.  Biggar  was  sparring  for 
time,  fighting  off  a  vote  on  the  Coercion  Bill.  He  had 
spoken  for  four  hours,  mostly  in  a  voice  inaudible,  and 
had  read  from  the  London  Directory,  the  Public  Re- 
ports and  the  Blue  Book,  and  had  at  last  fallen  back 
on  Dr.  Johnson's  Dictionary,  when  Parnell,  in  his 
simple  honesty,  interjected  an  explanation  to  dissolve 
a  little  of  the  Biggar  mental  calculi.  Biggar,  knowing 
Parnell,  gave  way,  and  Parnell  rose  to  his  feet.  His 
finely  modulated,  low  voice  searched  out  the  inmost 
corners  of  the  room  and  every  sentence  he  spoke  con- 
tained an  argument.  He  was  talking  on  the  one  theme 
he  knew  best.  Members  came  in  from  the  cloak-rooms 
and  the  Chair  forgot  his  mail :  a  man  was  speaking. 
Gladstone  happened  to  be  present,  and  while  not  at 
the  time  sympathizing  with  the  intent  of  Parnell,  was 
yet  enough  attracted  to  the  young  man  to  say,  "There 
is  the  future  Irish  leader — the  man  has  a  definite  pol- 
icy, and  a  purpose  that  will  be  difficult  to  oppose." 
Qln  January,  1880,  at  the  Academy  of  Music,  Buffalo, 
New  York,  I  attended  the  first  meeting  of  the  Ameri- 
can Branch  of  the  Irish  Land  League  So  I  was  a  cub 
reporter,  with  no  definite  ideas  about  Parnell  or 
Irish  affairs,  and  as  at  that  time  I  had  not  been  born 
again,  I  had  a  fine  indifference  for  humanity  across 
the  sea.  To  send  such  a  woolly  proposition  to  report 

113 


LITTLE  Parnell  was  the  work  of  a  cockney  editor,  born  with  a 
JOURNEYS  moral  squint,  within  sound  of  Bow  Bells.  To  him  Irish 
agitators  were  wearisome  persons,  who  boiled  at 
low  temperature,  who  talked  much  and  long.  All  the 
Irish  he  knew  worked  on  the  section  or  drove  drays. 
<{  At  this  meeting  the  first  citizens  of  Buffalo  gave  the 
proceedings  absent  treatment.  The  men  in  evidence 
were  mostly  harmless — John  J.  McBride,  Father 
Cronin,  James  Mooney,  and  a  liberal  mixture  of  Mc's 
and  O's  made  up  the  rest,  and  as  I  listened  to  them  I 
made  remarks  about  "Galways"  and  men  who  ate 
the  rind  of  watermelons  and  "threw  the  inside  away." 
Judge  Clinton,  of  Buffalo,  grandson  of  De  Witt  Clinton, 
had  been  inveigled  into  acting  as  chairman  of  the 
meeting,  and  I  remember  made  a  very  forceful  speech. 
He  introduced  Michael  Davitt,  noticeable  for  his  one 
arm.  All  orators  should  have  but  one  arm — the  empty 
sleeve  for  an  earnest  orator  being  most  effective.  Davitt 
spoke  well — he  spoke  like  an  aroused  contractor  to  la- 
borers who  were  demanding  shorter  hours  &  more  pay. 
Q  Davitt  introduced  Parnell.  I  knew  Davitt  but  did 
not  know  Parnell.  Before  Parnell  had  spoken  six  words, 
I  recognized  and  felt  his  superiority  to  any  man  on  the 
stage  or  in  the  audience.  His  speech  was  very  deliber- 
ate, steady,  sure,  his  voice  not  loud,  but  under  perfect 
control.  The  dress,  the  action,  the  face  of  the  man 
were  regal.  Afterwards  I  heard  he  was  called  "The 
Uncrowned  King,"  and  I  also  understood  how  certain 
Irish  peasants  thought  of  him  as  a  Messiah.  His  plea 
was  for  a  clear  comprehension  of  the  matter  at  issue, 
114 


that  it  might  be  effectively  dealt  with,  without  heat,  or  LITTLE 

fear,  or  haste.  He  carried  a  superb  reserve  and  used  JOURNEYS 

no  epithets.  He  showed  how  the  landlords  were  born 

into  their  environment,  just  as  the  Irish  peasantry 

were  heirs  to  theirs.  The  speech  was  so  un-Irish  like, 

so  convincing,  so  pathetic,  so  full  of  sympathy  and  rich 

in  reason,  so  charged  with  heart,  and  a  heart  for  all 

humanity,  even  blind  and  stupid  Englishmen,  that 

everybody  was  captured,  bound  with  green  withes,  by 

his  quiet  convincing  eloquence.  The  audience  was 

melted  into  a  whole,  that  soon  forgot  to  applaud,  but 

just  listened  breathlessly. 

It  was  on  this  occasion  that  I  heard  the  name  of  Henry 
George  mentioned  for  the  first  time.  Parnell  quoted 
these  words  from  "  Progress  and  Poverty"  : 
Man  is  a  land  animal.  A  land  animal  cannot  live  with- 
out land.  All  that  man  produces  comes  from  the  land ; 
all  productive  labor,  in  the  final  analysis,  consists  in 
working  up  land  or  materials  drawn  from  land,  into 
such  forms  as  fit  them  for  the  satisfaction  of  human 
wants  and  desires.  Man's  very  body  is  drawn  from  the 
land.  Children  of  the  soil,  we  come  from  the  land,  and 
to  the  land  we  must  return.  Take  away  from  man  all 
that  belongs  to  the  land,  and  what  have  you  but  a  dis- 
embodied spirit  ?  Therefore  he  who  holds  the  land  on 
which  and  from  which  another  man  must  live  is  that 
man's  master;  and  the  man  is  his  slave.  The  man  who 
holds  the  land  on  which  I  must  live,  can  command  me 
to  life  or  to  death  just  as  absolutely  as  though  I  were 
his  chattel.  Talk  about  abolishing  slavery — we  have  not 
abolished  slavery;  we  have  only  abolished  one  rude 
form  of  it,  chattel  slavery.  There  is  a  deeper  and  more 
insidious  form,  a  more  cursed  form  yet  before  us  to 

115 


LITTLE    abolish,  in  this  industrial  slavery  that  makes  a  man  a 
JOURNEYS    virtual  slave,  while  taunting  him  and  mocking  him  in 
the  name  of  freedom. 

We  only  hear  a  few  speeches  in  a  lifetime,  possibly 
a  scant  half  dozen — if  you  have  heard  that  many  you 
have  done  well.  Would  n't  you  have  liked  to  hear 
Webster's  reply  to  Hayne,  Wendell  Phillips  at  Fanueil 
Hall,  Lincoln  answering  Douglas,  or  Ingersoll  at  the 
Soldiers'  Reunion  at  Indianapolis  ? 

APTAIN  O'SHEA  was  the  son  of  an 
Irish  landlord,  living  in  England  on  a 
goodly  allowance.  He  was  a  fair  speci- 
|H  men  of  the  absentee.  When  obscurity 
belched  him  forth  in  1880,  he  was  a 
class  D  politician,  who  had  evolved 
from  soldiering  through  the  ambitious 
efforts  of  his  wife.  He  held  a  petty 
office  in  the  Colonial  Department,  where  the  work  was 
done  by  faithful  clerks,  grown  gray  in  the  service. 
He  was  a  man  without  morals  or  ideals.  Careful  search 
fails  to  reveal  a  single  remark  he  ever  made  worthy  of 
record,  or  a  solitary  act  that  is  not  as  well  forgotten. 
Q  Every  City  Hall  has  dozens  of  just  such  men,  and 
all  political  capitals  swarm  with  them.  They  are  the 
sons  of  good  families,  and  have  to  be  taken  care  of — 
Remittance  Men,  Astute  Persons,  Clever  Nobodies, 
Good  Fellows !  They  are  more  to  be  pitied  than  slav- 
ing peasants.  God  help  the  rich,  the  poor  can  work. 
116 


Work  is  a  solace  'gainst  self — a  sanctuary  and  a  refuge  LITTLE 
from  the  devil,  for  Satan  still  finds  mischief  for  idle  JOURNEYS 
hands  to  do.  The  devil  lies  in  wait  for  the  idler ;  and 
the  devil  is  the  idler,  and  every  idler  is  a  devil.  Saint- 
ship  consists  in  getting  busy  at  some  useful  work. 
When  Katharine  Wood,  daughter  of  Sir  Page  Wood, 
became  Mrs.  O'Shea,  she  was  yet  in  her  teens.  Her 
husband  was  twenty.  Neither  knew  what  they  were 
doing,  or  where  they  were  going. 

Captain  O'Shea  in  his  shining  uniform  was  a  showy 
figure,  and  that  his  captaincy  had  been  bought  and 
paid  for  was  a  matter  that  troubled  nobody. 
They  were  married,  and  once  tied  by  an  ecclesiastic 
knot,  they  proceeded  to  get  acquainted.  A  captain  in 
the  English  Army  who  has  a  few  good  working  ser- 
geants is  nothing  and  nobody.  If  he  has  money  he  can 
pay  to  get  the  work  done,  and  the  only  disadvantage 
is  that  real  soldiers  scorn  him,  for  soldiers  take  the 
measure  of  their  officers,  just  as  office  boys  gauge  the 
quality  of  the  head  clerk,  or  a  salesman  sizes  a  floor 
walker.  Nobody  is  deceived  about  anybody  excepting 
for  an  hour  at  a  time. 

When  the  time  came  for  Captain  O'Shea  to  drop  out 
of  military  service  and  become  a  civilian  clerk  in  the 
Colonial  Office,  the  army  was  glad.  Non-comps  are 
gleefully  sloughed  in  the  army  just  as  they  are  in  a 
railroad  office  or  a  department  store. 
Yet  Captain  O'Shea  was  not  a  bad  person — had  he  been 
born  poor  and  driven  a  dray,  or  been  understudy  to  a 
grocer,  he  would  have  evolved  into  a  useful  and  inoffen- 

117 


LITTLE  sive  citizen.  The  tragedy  all  arose  from  that  bitter  joke 
JOURNEYS  that  the  stork  is  always  playing:  sending  common- 
place children  to  people  of  power.  And  then  we  foolish 
mortals  try  to  overawe  Nature  by  a  Law  of  Entail, 
which  supplies  the  Aristophanes  of  heaven  and  Gabriel 
many  a  quiet  smile.  The  stork  is  certainly  a  bird  that 
has  no  sense.  Power  that  is  earned  is  never  ridiculous, 
but  power  in  the  hands  of  one  who  is  strange  to  it  is  first 
funny,  then  fussy,  and  soon  pathetic.  Punk  is  a  useful 
substance,  and  only  serves  as  metaphor  when  it  tries 
to  pass  for  bronze. 

So  behold  Katharine  O'Shea,  handsome,  wistful,  win- 
some, vivacious  and  intelligent,  with  a  brain  as  keen 
as  that  of  Becky  Sharp,  yet  as  honest  as  Amelia,  get- 
ting her  husband  transferred  from  the  army  to  the  civil 
list.  He  was  an  Irishman,  and  his  meager  salary  in  the 
office  had  to  be  helped  out  with  money  wrung  from 
Irish  peasantry  by  landlords'  agents.  Captain  O'Shea 
knew  little  about  his  estate,  and  was  beautifully  igno- 
rant of  its  workings,  but  once  he  and  his  wife  went 
over  to  Ireland,  and  the  woman  saw  things  the  man 
did  not  and  could  not. 

The  Irish  agitation  was  on,  and  the  heart  of  the  Eng- 
lish girl  went  out  to  her  brothers  and  sisters  across 
the  channel.  Marriage  had  tamed  her,  sobered  her 
dreams,  disillusioned  her  fancies.  In  her  extremity  she 
turned  to  humanity,  as  women  turn  to  religion.  In 
fact  humanity  was  to  her  a  religion :  her  one  thought 
was  how  to  relieve  and  benefit  Ireland — Ireland  that 
supplied  her  that  whereby  she  lived!  She  felt  like  a 
118 


cannibal  at  the  thought  of  living  off  the  labor  of  these  LITTLE 
poor  people.  JOURNEYS 
She  read  and  studied  the  Irish  problem,  and  one  day 
copied  this  passage  from  Henry  George  into  her  com- 
monplace book: 

Ireland  has  never  yet  had  a  population  which  the 
natural  resources  of  the  country  could  not  have  main- 
tained in  ample  comfort.  At  the  period  of  her  greatest 
population  (1840-45),  Ireland  contained  over  eight 
millions  of  people.  But  a  very  large  proportion  of  them 
managed  merely  to  exist — lodging  in  miserable  cabins, 
clothed  in  miserable  rags,  and  with  potatoes  only  as 
their  staple  food.  When  the  potato  blight  came,  they 
died  by  thousands.  But  it  was  not  the  inability  of  the 
soil  to  support  so  large  a  population  that  compelled  so 
many  to  live  in  this  miserable  way,  and  exposed  them 
to  starvation  on  the  failure  of  a  single  root  crop.  On 
the  contrary,  it  was  the  same  remorseless  rapacity 
that  robbed  the  Indian  peasant  of  the  fruits  of  his  toil 
and  left  him  to  starve  where  nature  offered  plenty. 
********  When  her  population  was  at 
its  highest,  Ireland  was  a  food-exporting  country.  Even 
during  the  famine,  grain,  meat,  butter  and  cheese  were 
carted  for  exportation  along  roads  lined  with  the  starv- 
ing and  past  trenches  into  which  the  dead  were  piled. 
For  these  exports  of  food  there  was  no  return.  It  went 
not  as  an  exchange,  but  as  a  tribute — to  pay  the  rent 
of  absentee  landlords;  a  levy  wrung  from  producers 
by  those  who  in  no  wise  contributed  to  the  production. 
Q  Captain  O'Shea  was  not  interested.  He  had  the  brain 
of  a  blackbird,  but  not  enough  mind  to  oppose  his  wife. 
He  just  accepted  life,  and  occasionally  growled  because 
more  money  did  not  come  from  his  agent  in  Galway — 
that  was  all.  He  still  nominally  belonged  to  the  army, 

119 


LITTLE  was  a  member  of  "The  Canteen,"  a  military  club, 
JOURNEYS  played  billiards  in  winter  and  cricket  in  summer,  and 
if  at  long  intervals  he  got  plain  drunk,  it  was  a  matter 
of  patriotism  done  by  way  of  celebrating  a  victory  of 
English  arms  in  the  Congo,  and  therefore  in  the  line 
of  duty.  Captain  O'Shea  never  beat  his  wife,  even  in 
his  cups,  and  the  marriage  was  regarded  as  happy 
by  the  neighboring  curate  who  occasionally  looked  in, 
and  at  times  enjoyed  a  quiet  mug  with  the  Captain. 
QMrs.  O'Shea  knew  several  of  the  Irish  Members  of 
Parliament,  in  fact,  one  of  them  was  a  cousin  of  her 
husband.  This  cousin  knew  John  Dillon  and  William 
O'Brien  Dillon  and  O'Brien  knew  Parnell,  and  be- 
longed to  his  "  advisory  board." 

Mrs.  O'Shea  was  a  member  of  Ruskin's  St.  George 
Society,  and  had  outlined  a  plan  to  sell  the  handicraft 
products  made  in  the  Irish  homes,  it  being  Ruskin's 
desire  to  turn  the  Irish  peasantry  gradually  from  a 
dependence  on  agriculture  to  the  handicrafts.  Mrs. 
O'Shea  had  a  parlor  sale  in  her  own  house,  of  laces, 
rugs  and  baskets  made  by  the  Irish  cottagers. 
Dillon  told  Parnell  of  this.  Parnell  knew  that  such 
things  were  only  palliative,  but  he  sympathized  with 
the  effort,  and  when  in  June,  1880,  he  accepted  an  in- 
vitation to  dine  at  the  O' Sheas  with  half  a  dozen  other 
notables,  it  was  quite  as  a  matter  of  course. 
How  could  he  anticipate  that  he  was  making  history ! 
Q  Disappointment  in  marriage  had  made  lines  under 
the  eyes  of  pretty  Kitty  O'Shea  and  strengthened  her 
intellect.  Indifference  and  stupidity  are  great  educators 
120 


— they  fill  one  with  discontent  and  drive  a  person  on-  LITTL.E 

ward  and  upward  to  the  ideal.  A  whetstone  is  dull,  but  JOURNEYS 

it  serves  to  sharpen  Damascus  blades. 

Mrs.  O'Shea's  heart  was  in  the  Irish  cause. 

Parnell  listened  at  first  indulgently — then  he  grew 

interested  3^  $©► 

The  woman  knew  what  she  was  talking  about. 
She  was  the  only  woman  he  had  ever  seen  who  did, 
save  his  mother,  whose  house  had  once  been  searched 
by  the  constabulary  for  things  Fenian. 
He  listened,  and  then  shook  himself  out  of  his  melan- 
choly. Q  Parnell  was  not  a  society  man — he  did  not 
know  women — all  petty  small  talk  was  outside  of  his 
orbit.  He  regarded  women  as  chatterers — children,  un- 
developed men. 

He  looked  at  Kitty  O'Shea  and  listened.  She  had  coal- 
black,  wavy  hair,  was  small,  petite  and  full  of  nervous 
energy.  She  was  not  interested  in  Charles  Parnell;  she 
was  interested  in  his  cause.  They  loved  the  same 
things.  They  looked  at  each  other  and  talked. 
And  then  they  sat  silent  and  looked  at  each  other, 
realizing  that  people  who  do  not  understand  each 
other  without  talk,  never  can  with.  To  remain  silent 
in  each  other's  presence  is  the  test. 
Within  a  week  Parnell  called  at  the  O' Sheas',  with 
Dillon,  and  they  drank  tea  out  of  tiny  cups. 
Parnell  was  thirty-four,  and  bachelors  of  thirty-four 
either  do  not  know  women  at  all,  or  else  know  them 
too  well.  Had  Parnell  been  an  expert  specialist  in 
femininity,  he  would  never  have  gone  to  see  Mrs. 

121 


LITTLE  O'Shea  the  second  time.  She  was  an  honest  woman 
JOURNEYS  with  a  religious  oneness  of  aim,  and  such  are  not  the 
ladies  for  predaceous  holluschickies. 
Parnell  went  alone  to  call  on  Mrs.  O'Shea — he  wanted 
to  consult  with  her  about  the  Land  League.  By  ex- 
plaining his  plans  to  her,  he  felt  that  he  could  get  them 
clear  in  his  own  mind.  He  could  trust  her,  and  best  of 
all,  she  understood — she  understood  ! 


BOUT  six  months  after  this,  London 
was  convulsed  with  laughter  at  a  joke 
too  good  to  keep:  One  Captain  O'Shea 
had  challenged  Charles  Parnell,  the 
Irish  Leader,  to  a  duel.  Parnell  had 
accepted  the  challenge,  but  the  fight 
was  off,  because  Thomas  Mayne  had 
gone  to  O'Shea  &  told  him  he  "  would 
kick  him  the  length  of  Rotten  Row  if  he  tried  to  harm 
or  even  opened  his  Galway  yawp  about  Parnell." 
O'Shea  had  a  valise  which  he  said  he  had  found  in  his 
wife's  room,  and  this  valise  belonged  to  Parnell ! 
The  English  members  talked  of  Parnell's  aberration 
and  carelessness^concerning  his  luggage ;  and  all  hands 
agreed  that  O'Shea,  whoever  he  was,  was  a  fool,  a 
hot-headed  and  egotistical  rogue,  trying  to  win  fame 
for  himself  by  challenging  greatness.  "  Suppose  that 
Parnell  kills  him,  it  is  no  loss  to  the  world ;  but  if 
O'Shea  kills  Parnell,  the  Irish  cause  is  lost,"  said 
122 


Dillon,  who  went  to  see  O'Shea  and  told  him  to  go  LITTLE 

after  some  pigmy  his  own  size.  JOURNEYS 

Sir  Patrick  O'Brien  said  to  O'Shea,  "  You  dress  very 

well,  Captain  O'  Shea,  but  you  are  not  the  correct  thing." 

As  for  London's  upper  circles,  why,  it  was  certainly  a 

lapse  for  Parnell  to  leave  his  valise  in  the  lady's  room. 

Parnell  the  Puritan — Parnell  the  man  who  used  no 

tobacco  or  strong  drink,  and  was  never  known  to  slip 

a  swear  word — Parnell  the  Irish  Messiah  !  Ha,  ha,  ha ! 

QAs  for  the  love  affair,  all  M.  P.'s  away  from  home 

without  their  families  have  them.  You  can  do  anything 

you  choose,  provided  you  do  not  talk  about  it,  and  you 

can  talk  about  anything  you  choose,  provided  you  do 

not  do  it. 

Promiscuity  in  London  is  a  well  recognized  fact,  but 
a  serious  love  affair  is  quite  a  different  thing.  No  one 
for  a  moment  really  believed  that  Parnell  was  so  big  a 
fool  as  to  fall  in  love  with  one  woman,  and  be  true  to 
her,  and  her  alone — that  was  too  absurd ! 
Captain  O'Shea  resigned  his  civil  office  and  went  back 
to  his  command.  He  was  sent  for  service  to  India, 
where  he  remained  over  a  year.  When  he  returned  to 
London,  he  did  not  go  to  Mrs.  O'Shea's  house  but 
took  apartments  down-town. 

In  1886,  political  England  was  roused  by  the  state- 
ment that  Captain  O'Shea  was  a  candidate  from 
Galway  for  the  House  of  Commons,  and  was  running 
under  the  protection  of  Parnell. 

To  the  knowing  ones  in  London  it  looked  like  a  clear 
bargain  and  sale.  O'Shea  had  tried  to  harass  Parnell; 

123 


LITTLE  Parnell  had  warned  O'Shea  to  never  cross  his  path, 
JOURNEYS    and  now  the  men  had  joined  hands. 

Parnell  was  in  possession  of  O' Shea's  wife,  &  O'Shea 
was  going  to  Parliament  by  Parnell's  help !  O'Shea 
was  a  notoriously  unfit  man  for  a  high  public  office, 
and  Joseph  Biggar  &  others  openly  denounced  Parnell 
for  putting  forth  such  a  creature.  "  He'll  vote  with  the 
b'hoys,  so  what  difference  does  it  make,"  said  Sullivan. 
"  The  b'hoys,"  who  vote  as  they  are  told  are  in  every 
legislative  body.  They  are  not  so  much  to  be  feared  as 
men  with  brains.  Parnell  went  over  to  Ireland,  and 
braved  the  mob  by  making  speeches  for  O'Shea,  and 
O'Shea  was  elected. 

Parnell  was  evidently  caught  in  a  trap — he  did  the 
thing  he  had  to  do.  His  love  for  the  woman  was  a  con- 
suming passion — her  love  for  him  was  complete.  Only 
death  could  part  them.  And  besides  their  hearts  were 
in  the  Irish  cause.  To  free  Ireland  was  their  constant 
prayer  So*  So* 

Scandal,  until  taken  up  by  the  newspapers,  is  only 
rumor.  The  newspapers  seldom  make  charges  until  the 
matter  gets  into  the  courts — they  fear  the  libel  laws, 
but  when  the  courts  lend  an  excuse  for  giving  "the 
news,"  the  newspapers  turn  themselves  loose  like  a 
pack  of  wolves  upon  a  lame  horse  that  has  lost  its 
way.  And  the  reason  the  newspapers  do  this  is  be- 
cause the  people  crave  the  savory  morsel.  The  news- 
papers are  published  by  men  in  business,  and  the 
wares  they  carry  are  those  in  demand — mostly  gossip, 
scandal  and  defamation. 
124 


And  humanity  is  of  such  a  quality  that  it  is  not  scan-  LITTLE 
dalized  or  shocked  by  the  facts,  but  by  the  recital  of  JOURNEYS 
the  facts  in  the  courts  or  the  public  prints. 


HE  House  of  Commons  in  1890,  was  at 
last  ready  to  grant  Home  Rule  to  Ire- 
land. A  bill  satisfactory  to  the  majority 
was  prepared,  and  Parnell  and  Glad- 
stone, the  two  strongest  men  of  their 
respective  countries,  stood  together  in 
perfect  accord. 

Then  it  was,  in  that  little  interval  of 
perfect  peace,  that  there  came  the  explosion.  Captain 
O'Shea  brought  suit  against  his  wife  for  divorce.  The 
affair  was  planned  not  only  to  secure  the  divorce,  but 
to  do  it  in  the  most  sensational  and  salacious  manner. 
The  bill  of  complaint,  a  voluminous  affair,  was  really 
an  alleged  biography  of  Charles  Parnell,  and  placed 
his  conduct  in  the  most  offensive  light  possible.  It  re- 
cited that  for  ten  years  Parnell  and  Mrs.  O'Shea  lived 
together  as  man  and  wife;  that  they  had  traveled 
together  on  the  continent  under  an  alias ;  that  Parnell 
had  shaved  off  his  beard  to  escape  identity ;  and  that 
the  only  interval  of  virtue  that  had  come  to  the  guilty 
couple  since  they  first  met  was  when  Parnell  was 
in  Kilmainham  Jail. 

The  intent  of  the  complaint  was  plainly  to  arouse  a 
storm  of  indignation  against  Parnell  that  would  make 

125 


LITTLE  progress  for  any  measure  he  might  advocate,  quite  out 
JOURNEYS     of  the  question. 

The  landlords  were  so  rilled  with  laughter  that  they 
forgot  to  collect  rent ;  and  the  tenants  so  amazed  and 
wroth  at  the  fall  of  their  leader  that  they  cashed  up — 
or  didn't  as  the  case  happened. 

Scandal  filled  the  air;  the  newspapers  issued  extras 
and  ten  million  housewives  called  the  news  over  back 
fences 

And  now  at  this  distance  it  is  very  plain  that  the  fuse 
was  laid  and  fired  by  some  one  beside  Captain  O'Shea. 
O'Shea  had  not  seen  the  woman  who  was  once  his 
wife,  for  five  years,  and  was  quite  content  in  the  snug 
arrangements  he  had  in  the  interval  made  for  himself. 
QWhen  the  divorce  was  granted  without  opposition, 
Justin  McCarthy  wrote,  "  Charles  Stewart  Parnell  is 
well  hated  throughout  Great  Britain,  but  Captain 
O'Shea  is  despised." 

The  question  has  often  been  asked,  "  Who  snatched 
Home  Rule  from  Ireland  just  as  she  reached  for  it?" 
Q  Opinions  are  divided,  and  I  might  say  merged  by 
most  Irish  people,  thus:  O'Shea,  Parnell,  Gladstone, 
Katharine  O'Shea. 

Fifteen  years  have  softened  Irish  sentiment  toward 
Parnell,  and  anywhere  from  Blarney  to  Balleck  you 
will  get  into  dire  difficulties  if  you  hint  ill  of  Parnell. 
Q Gladstone  and  O'Shea  are  still  unforgiven.  In  Cork 
I  once  spoke  to  a  priest  of  Kitty  O'Shea,  and  with  a 
little  needless  acerbity  the  man  of  God  corrected  me 
and  said,  "  You  mean  Mrs.  Katharine  Parnell!  "  And  I 
126 


apologized.  QThe  facts  are  that  no  one  snatched  Home  LITTLE 

Rule  from  Ireland — Ireland  pushed  it  from  her.  JOURNEYS 

Had  Ireland  stood  by  Parnell  when  it  came  out  that 

he  loved,  and  had  loved  for  ten  years  a  most  noble, 

intellectual,  honest  &  excellent  woman,  Parnell  would 

have  still  been  the  Irish  Leader — the  Uncrowned  King. 

Q  Gladstone  did  not  desert  the  Irish  Cause  until  the 

Irish  had  deserted  Parnell.  Then  Gladstone  followed 

their  example — and  gladly.  Since  then  Home  Rule  for 

Ireland  has  been  a  joke. 

The  most  persistent  defamer  of  Parnell  never  accused 
the  man  of  promiscuous  conduct,  nor  of  being  selfish 
and  sensual  in  his  habit  of  life.  He  loved  this  one 
woman,  and  never  loved  another.  And  when  a  scur- 
rilous reporter,  hiding  behind  anonymity,  published  a 
story  to  the  effect  that  Katharine  O'Shea  had  had  other 
love  affairs,  the  publisher,  growing  alarmed,  came  out 
the  following  day  with  a  disclaimer,  thus:  "If  Mrs. 
O'Shea  has  had  other  irregular  experiences,  they  are, 
so  far,  unknown  to  the  public."  It  was  an  ungracious 
retraction — but  a  retraction  still — and  caused  a  few 
Irish  bricks  to  find  the  publisher's  plate  glass. 
The  Irish  lost  Home  Rule  by  allowing  themselves  to 
be  stampeded.  Their  English  friends,  the  enemy,  play- 
ing upon  their  prejudices,  they  became  drunk  with  hate 
and  then  their  shillalahs  resounded  a  tattoo  upon  the 
head  of  their  leader.  Nations  and  people  who  turn 
upon  their  best  friends  are  too  common  to  catalog. 
Says  Elizabeth  Cady  Stanton  in  the  Westminster 
"  Review  "  for  January  1891 :  The  spectacle  of  a  whole 

127 


LITTLE  nation  hounding  one  man,  &  determined  to  administer 
JOURNEYS  summary  punishment,  is  pitiful  at  a  time  when  those 
who  love  their  fellowmen  are  asking  for  all  the  best 
moral  appliances  and  conditions  for  the  reformation  of 
mankind.  Force,  either  in  the  form  of  bodily  infliction 
or  mental  lashing,  has  been  abandoned  by  the  experi- 
enced as  ineffective  and  evil  in  all  of  its  attributes. 
Acting  on  this  principle  what  right  has  a  nation  to  turn 
its  v/hole  engine  of  denunciation  upon  a  human  being 
for  the  violation  of  a  personal  unsettled  question  of 
morals  ? 

A  great,  noble,  unswerving  love  between  a  man  and 
woman,  mentally  mated,  is  an  unusual  affair.  That 
the  Irish  people  should  repudiate,  scorn  and  spurn  a 
man  and  woman  who  possessed  such  a  love  is  a 
criticism  on  their  intelligence  that  needs  no  comment. 
But  the  world  is  fast  reaching  a  point  where  it  realizes 
that  honesty,  purity  of  purpose,  loyalty  and  steadfast- 
ness in  love  fit  people  for  leadership,  if  anything  does 
or  can,  and  that  from  such  a  relationship  spring  free- 
dom, justice,  charity,  generosity  and  the  love  that 
suffereth  long  and  is  kind. 

There  is  no  freedom  on  earth  or  in  any  star  for  those 
who  deny  freedom  to  others. 

The  people  who  desire  political  Home  Rule,  must  first 
of  all  rule  their  own  spirits,  and  grant  to  individuals 
the  right  and  privilege  of  Home  Rule  in  the  home 
where  love  alone  rules. 


128 


ROM  the  time  O'Shea  took  his  seat  in  LITTLE 
Parliament,  Parnell  showed  by  his  face  JOURNEYS 
and  manner  that  he  was  a  man  with  a 
rope  tied  to  his  foot.  His  health  de- 
clined, he  became  apprehensive,  nerv- 
ous, and  at  times  lost  the  perfect  poise 
that  had  won  for  him  the  title  of  the 
"  Uncrowned  King. "  He  had  bargained 
with  a  man  with  whom  no  contract  was  sacred,  and 
he  was  dealing  with  people  as  volatile  and  uncertain 
as  Vesuvius. 

"I  have  within  my  hand  a  Parliament  for  Ireland," 
said  Parnell  in  a  speech  to  a  mob  at  Galway.  "I  have 
within  my  hand  a  Parliament  for  Ireland,  and  if  you 
destroy  me,  you  destroy  Home  Rule  for  Ireland!" 
And  the  Irish  people  destroyed  Parnell.  In  this  they 
had  the  assistance  of  Gladstone,  who  after  years  of 
bitter  opposition  to  Parnell,  had  finally  been  won  over 
to  Ireland's  cause,  not  being  able  to  disrupt  it.  When 
we  cannot  down  a  strong  man  in  fair  fight  all  is  not 
lost — we  can  still  join  hands  with  him.  When  Captain 
O'  Shea  secured  a  divorce  from  his  wife,  naming  Par- 
nell as  co-respondent,  and  Parnell  practically  pleaded 
guilty  by  making  no  defence,  the  rage  against  Parnell 
was  so  fierce  that  if  he  had  appeared  in  Ireland,  his 
life  would  have  paid  the  forfeit. 

Then,  when  in  a  few  months  he  married  the  lady  ac- 
cording to  the  Civil  Code,  but  without  Episcopal  or 
Catholic  sanction,  the  storm  broke  afresh,  and  ahypocrit- 
ical  world  worked  overtime  trying  to  rival  the  Billings- 

129 


LITTLE  Sate  Calendar.  The  newspapers  employed  watchers, 
JOURNEYS  wno  picketed  the  block  where  Parnell  and  his  wife 
lived,  and  telegraphed  to  Christendom  the  time  the 
lights  were  out,  and  whether  Mr.  Parnell  appeared 
with  a  shamrock  or  a  rose  in  his  buttonhole.  The  facts 
that  Mrs.  Parnell  wore  her  hair  in  curls,  and  smilingly 
hummed  a  tune  as  she  walked  to  the  corner,  were  con- 
strued into  proof  of  brazen  guilt  and  a  desire  to  affront 
respectable  society. 

Gladstone  was  a  strict  Churchman,  but  he  was  also  a 
man  of  the  world.  Parnell's  offense  was  the  offense 
committed  by  Lord  Nelson,  Lord  Hastings,  the  Duke 
of  Wellington,  Sir  Charles  Dilke,  Shakespeare,  and 
most  of  those  who  had  made  the  name  and  fame  of 
England  world-wide.  Gladstone  might  have  stood  by 
Parnell  and  steadied  the  Nationalist  Party  until  the 
storm  of  bigotry  and  prejudice  abated,  but  he  saw  his 
chance  to  escape  from  a  hopeless  cause,  and  so  he 
demanded  the  resignation  of  Parnell  while  the  Irish 
were  still  rabid  against  the  best  friend  they  ever  had. 
Feud  and  faction  had  discouraged  Gladstone,  and  now 
was  his  chance  to  get  out  without  either  backing  down 
or  running  away !  By  the  stroke  of  a  pen  he  killed  the 
only  man  in  Great  Britain  who  rivaled  him  in  power — 
the  only  Irishman  worthy  to  rank  with  O'  Connor  and 
Grattan.  It  was  an  opportunity  not  to  be  lost ! 
To  just  take  the  stand  of  virtue  and  lift  up  his  hands  in 
affected  horror,  instead  of  stretching  out  those  hands 
to  help  a  man,  whose  sole  offense  was  that  he  loved 
a  woman  with  a  love  that  counted  not  the  cost,  hesi- 
130 


tated  at  no  risk,  and  which  eventually  led  to  not  only  LITTLE 

financial  and  political  ruin,  but  to  death  itself.  Parnell  JOURNEYS 

died  six  months  after  his  marriage,  from  nerve-wrack 

that  had  known  no  respite  for  ten  years. 

In  half  apology  for  his  turning  upon  Parnell,  Gladstone 

once  afterward  said,  "  Home  Rule  for  Ireland — what 

would  she  do  with  it  anyway?"  In  this  belief  that 

Home  Rule  meant  misrule,  he  may  have  been  right. 

James  Bryce,  a  sane  and  logical  thinker,  thought  so, 

too.  But  this  did  not  relieve  Gladstone  of  the  charge 

of  owning  a  lumber  yard  and  putting  up  the  price  of 

plank  when  his  friend  fell  overboard. 

The  ulster  of  virtue,  put  on  and  buttoned  to  the  chin 

as  an  expedient  move  in  times  of  social  and  political 

danger,  is  a  garment  still  in  vogue ! 

Says  James  Bryce: 

To  many  Englishmen,  the  proposal  to  create  an  Irish 
Parliament  seemed  nothing  more  or  less  than  a  proposal 
to  hand  over  to  these  men  the  government  of  Ireland, 
with  all  the  opportunities  thence  arising  to  oppress  the 
opposite  party  in  Ireland  and  to  worry  England  her- 
self. It  was  all  very  well  to  urge  that  the  tactics  which 
the  Nationalists  had  pursued  when  their  object  was  to 
extort  Home  Rule  would  be  dropped,  because  super- 
fluous, when  Home  Rule  had  been  granted;  or  to  point 
out  that  an  Irish  Parliament  would  probably  contain 
different  men  from  those  who  had  been  sent  to  West- 
minster as  Mr.  Parnell's  nominees.  The  internal  con- 
dition of  Ireland  supplied  more  substantial  grounds  for 
alarm  than  English  misrule.  Three-fourths  of  the  peo- 
ple are  Roman  Catholics,  one-fourth  Protestants,  and 
this  Protestant  fourth  subdivided  into  bodies  not  fond 


131 


LITTLE    of  one  another,  who  have  little  community  of  sentiment. 

JRNEYS  Besides  the  Scottish  colony  in  Ulster,  many  English 
families  have  settled  here  and  there  through  the  coun- 
try. They  went  farther,  and  made  the  much  bolder 
assumption  that  as  such  a  Parliament  would  be  chosen 
by  electors,  most  of  whom  were  Roman  Catholics,  it 
would  be  under  the  control  of  the  Catholic  priesthood, 
and  hostile  to  Protestants.  Thus  they  supposed  that 
the  grant  of  self-government  to  Ireland  would  mean 
the  abandonment  of  the  upper  and  wealthier  class,  the 
landlords  and  the  Protestants,  to  the  tender  mercies  of 
their  enemies.  The  fact  stood  out  that  in  Ireland  two 
hostile  factions  had  been  contending  for  the  last  sixty 
years,  and  that  the  gift  of  self-government  might  en- 
able one  of  them  to  tyrannize  over  the  other.  True, 
that  party  was  the  majority,  and,  according  to  the 
principles  of  democratic  government,  therefore  entitled 
to  prevail.  The  minority  had  the  sympathy  of  the  upper 
classes  in  England,  because  the  minority  contained  the 
landlords.  It  had  the  sympathy  of  a  large  part  of  the 
middle  class,  because  it  contained  the  Protestants. 
There  was  another  anticipation,  another  forecast  of 
evils  to  follow,  which  told  most  of  all  upon  English 
opinion.  It  was  the  notion  that  Home  Rule  was  only 
a  stage  in  the  road  to  the  complete  separation  of  the  two 
islands.  Parnell's  campaign  diluted  the  greed  of  land- 
lords, but  Ireland,  politically,  is  yet  where  she  has 
been  for  two  hundred  years,  governed  by  bureaucrats. 


&opcroft  Pmberp 

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paper-bound  books,  some  extra  illustrated  work, 
an  autographed  book,  a  bunch  of  pamphlets,  or 
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Magazines  always  contain  articles  that  are  worth 
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A  Dog  of  Flanders 

BY       O   U   I   D  A 

HI    C^^sC^^?  UID  A  is  the  greatest    woman  writer 
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OF  OMAR  KHAYYAM 


EING  the  fourth  paraphrase  of 
Edward  FitzGerald  with  an  intro- 
ductory essay  by  Hon.  John  Hay. 
Some  say  these  wonderful  quatrains  are 
three-fourths  essence  of  FitzGerald  and 
one-fourth  Omar.  This  may  be  so  and  it 
may  not — Hamlet  is  Hamlet,  even  if 
Bacon  did  leave  the  play  on  Shakespeare's 
door-step.  Q  In  two  colors,  original  orna- 
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'  JJT^  time  goes  on  in  its  endless  course, 
environment  is  sure  to  crystallize  the 
S  ^  American*  nation.  Its  varying  ele- 
ments will  become  unified  and  the  weeding 
out  process  will  probably  leave  the  finest 
human  product  ever  known.  The  color,  the 
perfume,  the  size  and  form  that  are  placed  in 
the  plants  will  have  their  analogies  in  the 
composite,  the  American  of  the  future. 
And  now  what  will  hasten  this  development 
most  of  all  ?  The  proper  rearing  of  children. 
Don't  feed  children  on  maudlin  sentimental- 
ism  or  dogmatic  religion ;  give  them  nature. 
Let  their  souls  drink  in  all  that  is  pure  and 
sweet.  Rear  them,  if  possible,  amid  pleasant 
surroundings.  If  they  come  into  the  world 
with  souls  groping  in  darkness,  let  them  see 
and  feel  the  light.  Don't  terrify  them  in  early 
life  with  the  fear  of  an  after  world.  There 
never  was  a  child  that  was  made  more  noble 
and  good  by  the  fear  of  a  hell.  Let  nature 
teach  them  the  lessons  of  good  and  proper 
living.  Those  children  will  grow  to  be  the 
best  of  men  and  women.  Put  the  best  in  them 
1  in  contact  with  the  best  outside.  They  will 
absorb  it  as  a  plant  does  sunshine  and  the  dew. 

LUTHER  BURBANK 


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AC AITH  in  humanity  is  no  more  beautiful  than  faith  in  your 
fjf  own  work.  We  have  both.  And  to  show  you  what  faith  we 
have  in  our  furniture,  we  will  send  you  any  of  the  pieces  shown 
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THE  BEST  SELLING  BOOK  EVER 
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THE  MAN  OF  SORROWS 


BY  ELBERT 


HUBBARD 


©EING  a.  Little  Journey  to  the  Home  of 
Jesus  of  Nazareth.  A  sincere  attempt  to 
depict  the  life,  times  and  teachings,  &  with 
truth  limn  the  personality  of  the  Man  of  Sorrows. 


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